19
Jul, 2014
Optimation Operational Fluidized Bed Combustor for Biomass Combustion
Optimation Operational Fluidized Bed Combustor For Biomass Combustion
Adi Surjosatyo
Mechanical Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia
Email : [email protected]
Extended Abstract.
Most sources of energy derived from fossil energy sources are not renewable and over time it will run out of energy sources. And also with the use of fossil fuels cause global warming impact in the world today. Therefore, it needs alternative energy that can answer the problems that exist. One of the alternative energy that can be used is biomass energy. Indonesia has a large biomass potential. Solid organic wastes such as shells, twigs, leaves, etc. can be utilized as an alternative energy.
Utilization of biomass burning is usually done in a way so as to produce heat that will be used to heat boilers. Burning biomass has a weakness that is directly generated very low efficiency. Therefore it needs to be applied several technologies to enhance the benefits of biomass as fuel. Combustion technology used should be simple, efficient, does not cause interference to the surrounding environment, as well as installation costs are relatively not too expensive. Technology that meets these criteria is the Fluidized Bed combustor (FBC).
Fluidized bed combustor is a device that can be used to utilize biomass energy into heat energy. Fluidized Bed combustor located at the University of Indonesia still has many obstacles in its operation. And also in this case we need to know that there is a hot equilibrium so that we know the efficiency of this tool and can take advantage of energy.
Modifications are carried out in order to improve the work system Fluidized Bed combustor is added to the feeder for cooling does not overcome the workings of the feeder system. Besides the fuel distribution system created a new bulkhead in the form of hinges. Heat balance calculations are also done from Fluidized Bed combustor UI. The results of existing calculations that the value of energy produced large enough to produce maximum value can reach 566.6 kJ/s or equal to 566.6 kW. This project will be very good to deal with areas that still lack electricity resources.
Another study is conducting experimental work, to implement the modification construction of Feeder process. The objective of this experiment at bubbling type of fluidized bed is to learn the combustion characteristics of tree branch by recording it’s temperature distribution in every minute. The parameters are the variations of air flow rate and the fuel feed rate that could be considered have an effect in the experiment.
The result of this experimental testing shows that bed temperature can reach for about 700-750oC, and will increase due to additional of air flow rate and fuel feed rate. That was high enough for tree branch type of biomass, so it would become a great potential as an alternative energy to replace the fossil fuel.
Coconuts shell become a large biomass potency energy ,because they are already exsis in abundant in Indonesia. So far, until now there is just a little idea to using this coconut shell as analternative energy.
Fluidize bed combuster is an technology conversion of biomass energy to heat energy, which can be use to another process. Combustion process being occur in Fluidize Bed Combustor is self sustaining combustion at the high temperature. Testing for experimental combustion on this bubbling Fluidize Bed Combustor using coconut shell to know all temperature distribution at every height combustion chamber and freeboard area. This experiment take some fuel mass feed rate from 1 kg/min, 2 kg/min, 3 kg/min, and 4 kg/min and two different air flow rate 4,9 and 5,3 m3/min. The first Maximum temperature that could reach until 817 oC increases to 837 oC as an air flow increase.
Keywords
Fluidized bed combustor, Biomass Energy, Cooling feeder, Heat Balance
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